What are the pathogens most often cause pneumonia? - This is very important because all cases of community-acquired pneumonia are treated empirically (ie, not knowing exactly what the agent in this case vyzyvet infectious process in the lungs) on the basis of knowledge about the most common pathogens of pneumonia. The diagnosis of "pneumonia" refers to immediate treatment with antibiotics. Delaying the start of antibiotic therapy is waiting for the results of bacteriological seeding, but it is not less than two days, is an obvious mistake. CAP pathogens traditionally divided into typical - those known for a long time (late 19th century), and atypical. Typical are: 1. Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) - the most common causative agent of pneumonia in all studies. It causes on different data from 20% to 40% of cases, an average of 30%, ie every third case of pneumonia caused by pneumococcus. 2. Haemophilus influenzae (Haemophilus influenzae) - 2nd in frequency typical pathogen in most studies. There are a number of common pathogens of pneumonia, which are less common, but are important because of the severity and iskhodovzabolevaniya: 3. Enterobacteriaceae: Klebsiella pneumoniae including, rarely - Enterobacter spp (enterobacter) and Esherichia coli (E. coli). 4. Staphylococcus aureus (Staphylococcus aureus) occurs in a small percentage of cases, but due to the severity and characteristics of therapy requires special attention. 5. Moraxella catarrhalis used to be commensal oropharyngeal area, but now proved its etiologic role in the development of pneumonia in a small percentage of cases.Atypical pneumonia pathogens, which in clinical settings are not β-lactam antibiotics and that can not be detected by bacterial inoculation test in ordinary laboratories. They are: 1. Mycoplasma pneumoniae; 2. Chlamydophila pneumoniae; 3. Legionella pneumoniae. 4. Causative agents of diseases such as ornithosis (psittacosis), Q fever, and others, but they are less common. Although both cases are described, often isolated, community-acquired pneumonia caused by almost all currently known pathogens, but they are very rare. When assigning empirical therapy, if we do not know the circumstances that allow suspect other, more rare, the bacteria, we focus on the following main pathogens: Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae from typical; Myco plasmapneumoniae, Chlamydo philapneumoniae and Legionella pneumoniae from atypical.

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